Sections
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Contents
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Case Laws
|
| PREAMBLE |
Preamble |
CaseLaw |
| 1 |
Short title |
CaseLaw |
| 2 |
Repeal of enactments |
|
| 3 |
Interpretation-clause |
CaseLaw |
| 4 |
Promissory note |
CaseLaw |
| 5 |
Bill of exchange |
CaseLaw |
| 6 |
Cheque |
CaseLaw |
| 7 |
Drawer, drawee, acceptor, acceptor for honour |
CaseLaw |
| 8 |
Holder |
CaseLaw |
| 9 |
Holder in due course |
CaseLaw |
| 10 |
Payment in due course |
CaseLaw |
| 11 |
Inland instruments |
|
| 12 |
Foreign instrument |
CaseLaw |
| 13 |
Negotiable instrument |
CaseLaw |
| 14 |
Negotiation |
|
| 15 |
Endorsement |
|
| 16 |
Endorsement “in blank” and in “full” |
|
| 17 |
Ambiguous instrument |
CaseLaw |
| 18 |
Where amount is sated differently in figures and words |
CaseLaw |
| 19 |
Instrument payable on demand |
CaseLaw |
| 20 |
Inchoate stamped instrument |
CaseLaw |
| 21 |
“at sight” “on presentment” “after sight |
CaseLaw |
| 21-A |
When note or bill payable on demand is overdue |
|
| 21-B |
A note or bill payable at a determinable future time |
|
| 21-C |
Anti-dating and post-dating |
|
| 22 |
Maturity; days of grace |
CaseLaw |
| 23 |
Calculating maturity of bill or note payable so many months after date or sight |
|
| 24 |
Calculating maturity of bill or note payable so many days after date or sight |
|
| 25 |
When day of maturity is a holiday |
|
| 26 |
Capacity to make, etc., promissory notes, etc. |
CaseLaw |
| 27 |
Agency |
|
| 27-A |
Authority of partners |
|
| 27-B |
Forged or unauthorised signature |
|
| 28 |
Liability of agent signing |
CaseLaw |
| 28-A |
Transfer or by delivery and transferee |
|
| 29 |
Liability of legal representative signing |
CaseLaw |
| 29-A |
Signature essential to liability |
|
| 29-B |
Forget or unauthorised signature |
|
| 29-C |
Stranger signing instrument presumed to be indorser |
|
| 30 |
Liability of drawer |
CaseLaw |
| 31 |
Liability of drawer |
CaseLaw |
| 32 |
Liability of maker of note and acceptor of bill |
CaseLaw |
| 33 |
Only drawee can be acceptor except in need or for honour |
|
| 34 |
Acceptance by several drawees not partners |
|
| 35 |
Liability of indorser |
CaseLaw |
| 36 |
Liability of prior parties to holder in due course |
CaseLaw |
| 37 |
Maker, drawer and acceptor principals |
CaseLaw |
| 38 |
Prior party a principal in respect of each subsequent party |
CaseLaw |
| 38-A |
Liability of accommodation party and position of accommodation party |
|
| 39 |
Suretyship |
CaseLaw |
| 40 |
Discharge of indorser liability |
|
| 41 |
Acceptor bound although endorsement forged |
|
| 42 |
Acceptance of bill drawn in fictitious name |
|
| 43 |
Negotiable instrument made etc., without consideration |
CaseLaw |
| 44 |
Partial absence or failure of money consideration |
|
| 45 |
Partial failure of consideration not consisting of money |
|
| 45-A |
Holders right to duplicate of lost bill |
|
| 46 |
Delivery |
CaseLaw |
| 47 |
Negotiation by delivery |
|
| 48 |
Negotiation by endorsement |
CaseLaw |
| 49 |
Conversion of endorsement in blank into endorsement in full |
|
| 50 |
Effect of endorsement |
CaseLaw |
| 51 |
Who may negotiate |
CaseLaw |
| 52 |
Indorser who excludes his own liability or makes it conditional |
|
| 53 |
Holder claiming through holder in due course |
CaseLaw |
| 53-A |
Rights of holder in due course |
|
| 54 |
Instrument indorsed in bland |
|
| 55 |
Conversion of endorsement in blank into endorsement |
|
| 56 |
Requisites of endorsement |
CaseLaw |
| 57 |
Legal representative cannot be delivery only negotiate instrument indorsed by deceased |
|
| 57-A |
Negotiation of instrument of party already liable thereon |
|
| 57-B |
Rights of holder |
|
| 58 |
Defective title |
CaseLaw |
| 59 |
Instrument acquired after dishonour or when overdue |
|
| 60 |
Instrument negotiable till payment or satisfaction |
CaseLaw |
| 61 |
Presentment for acceptance |
CaseLaw |
| 62 |
Presentment of promissory note for sight |
CaseLaw |
| 63 |
Drawee’s time for deliberation |
CaseLaw |
| 64 |
Presentment for payment |
CaseLaw |
| 65 |
Hours for presentment |
|
| 66 |
Presentment for payment of instrument payable after date or sight |
|
| 67 |
Presentment to payment of promissory not payable by instruments |
CaseLaw |
| 68 |
Presentment for payment of instrument payable at specified place and not elsewhere |
CaseLaw |
| 69 |
Instrument payable at specified place |
CaseLaw |
| 70 |
Presentment where no exclusive place specified |
CaseLaw |
| 71 |
Presentment when make, etc., has no known place of business or residence |
|
| 71-A |
What constitutes valid presentment and mode of presentment |
|
| 72 |
Presentment of cheque to charge drawee |
CaseLaw |
| 73 |
Presentment of cheque to charge any other person |
CaseLaw |
| 74 |
Presentment of instrument payable on demand |
|
| 75 |
Presentment by or to agent, representative of decreased or assignee of insolvent |
|
| 75-A |
Excuse for delay in presentment for acceptance or payment |
|
| 76 |
When presentment unnecessary |
CaseLaw |
| 77 |
Liability of banker for negligently dealing with bill presented for payment |
|
| 78 |
To when payment should be made |
CaseLaw |
| 79 |
Interest when rate specified or not specified |
CaseLaw |
| 80 |
Interest when no rate specified |
CaseLaw |
| 81 |
Delivery of instrument on payment, or indemnity in case of loss |
|
| 82 |
Discharge from liability by cancellation |
CaseLaw |
| 83 |
Discharge by allowing drawee more than forty-eight hours to accept |
|
| 84 |
When cheque not duly presented and drawer damaged thereby |
CaseLaw |
| 85 |
Cheque payable to order |
|
| 85-A |
Drafts drawn by one branch of a bank on another payable to order |
|
| 86 |
Parties not consenting discharged and qualified or limited acceptance |
CaseLaw |
| 87 |
Effect of material alteration |
CaseLaw |
| 88 |
Acceptor or indorser bound not withstanding previous alteration |
|
| 89 |
Payment of instrument on which alteration is not apparent |
CaseLaw |
| 90 |
Extinguishment of right of action o bill in acceptor’s hands |
|
| 91 |
Dishonour by non-acceptance |
CaseLaw |
| 92 |
Dishonour by non-payment |
CaseLaw |
| 93 |
By and to whom notice should be given |
CaseLaw |
| 94 |
Mode in which notice may be given |
|
| 95 |
Party receiving must transmit notice of dishonour |
|
| 96 |
Agent for presentment |
|
| 97 |
When party to whom notice given is dean |
|
| 98 |
When notice of dishonour is unnecessary |
CaseLaw |
| 99 |
Noting |
|
| 100 |
Protest |
|
| 101 |
Contents of protest |
|
| 102 |
Notice of protest |
|
| 103 |
Protest for non-payment after dishonour by non-acceptance |
CaseLaw |
| 104 |
Protest of foreign bills |
CaseLaw |
| 104-A |
When noting equivalent to protest |
|
| 105 |
Reasonable time |
|
| 106 |
Reasonable time of giving notice of dishonour |
|
| 107 |
Reasonable time for transmitting such notice |
|
| 108 |
Acceptance for honour |
|
| 109 |
How acceptance for honour must be made |
|
| 110 |
Acceptance not specifying for whose honour it is made |
CaseLaw |
| 111 |
Liability of acceptor for honour |
|
| 112 |
When acceptor for honour may be charged |
|
| 112-A |
Special provisions relating cheques |
|
| 113 |
Payment for honour |
|
| 114 |
Right of payer for honour |
CaseLaw |
| 115 |
Drawee in case of need |
|
| 116 |
Acceptance and payment without protest |
|
| 117 |
Rules as to compensation |
CaseLaw |
| 118 |
Presumption as to negotiable instrument of consideration |
CaseLaw |
| 119 |
Presumption on proof of protest |
CaseLaw |
| 120 |
Estoppel against denying original validity of instrument |
CaseLaw |
| 121 |
Estoppel against denying capacity of payee to indorse |
CaseLaw |
| 122 |
Estoppel against denying signature or capacity of proper party |
CaseLaw |
| 122-A |
Revocation of bankers authority |
|
| 123 |
Cheque crossed generally |
CaseLaw |
| 123-A |
Cheque crossed account payee |
|
| 124 |
Cheque crossed specially |
CaseLaw |
| 125 |
Crossing after issue |
|
| 125-A |
Crossing a material part of a cheque |
|
| 126 |
Payment of cheque crossed generally |
CaseLaw |
| 127 |
Payment of cheque crossed specially more than once |
|
| 128 |
Payment in due course of crossed cheque |
|
| 129 |
Payment of crossed cheque out of the course |
CaseLaw |
| 130 |
Cheque bearing “no negotiable” |
CaseLaw |
| 131 |
Non-liability of banker receiving payment of cheque |
CaseLaw |
| 131-A |
Application of chapter to drafts |
|
| 131-B |
Protection to banker crediting cheque crossed account payee |
|
| 131-C |
Cheque not operating as assignment of funds |
|
| 131-D |
Special provisions relating to bill of exchange |
|
| 131-E |
In whose favour a bill may be drawn |
|
| 131-F |
When presentment for acceptance in necessary |
|
| 131-G |
When presentment excused |
|
| 131-H |
Holders right of recourse against drawer and indorser |
|
| 131-I |
Holder may refuse qualified acceptance |
|
| 132 |
Set of bills |
|
| 133 |
Holder of first acquired part entitled to all |
CaseLaw |
| 134 |
Law governing liability of parties of a foreign instrument |
CaseLaw |
| 135 |
Omitted |
|
| 136 |
Instrument made, etc., outside Pakistan etc., but is accordance with their law |
|
| 137 |
Presumption as to foreign law |
|
| 138 |
Power to appoint notaries public |
CaseLaw |
| 139 |
Power to make rules for notaries public |
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